SOAP
Soap is sodium salt or potassium salt of long-chain fatty acidgeneral formula:
RCOONa+ or RCOOK+
R : containing 12 to 18 carbon atoms. it can be saturated or un saturated.
The history of soap manufacturing
Early soapmaker disperse wood ashes in water, added animal fat to the solution, then boil the mixture to make soap. modern day soap making uses vegetable oil in place of animal at and caustic alkali in place of wood ashes. Vegetable oil is a natural ester. When the vegetable oil is boiled with caustic alkali, it is hydrolysed into soap which is actually a salt of fatty acid. the process is called saponification.
-soap-
DETERGENT
Detergent is sodium salt for sulphonic acid. Sulphonic acid is an organic acid with chain lengths of 12 to 18 carbon per molecule.
two common detergent
i. Sodium alkyl sulphate
ii. Sodium alkylbenzene sulphonate
Types of detergent :-
(a) Anionic detergent
(b) Cationic detergent
(c) Non-ionic detergent
-detergent-
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